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Spring Garlic Recommendations

Crystal Stewart-Courtens, Extension Vegetable Specialist
Eastern New York Commercial Horticulture

April 2, 2012

Spring Garlic Recommendations
The warm (hot) weather we have seen is pushing soil temperatures up and really moving the garlic along. We are well over a month ahead of last year. This means that fertilizing needs to start significantly earlier as well. Your first application of nitrogen should occur shortly after plant emergence, and certainly by the time plants are six inches tall. Rates and additional application timing is included in the table below. Ideally, before planting, you used a soil test to amend your phosphorus and potassium levels. Even if you didn't, the nitrogen recommendations provided are still accurate. Remember to adjust for leguminous cover crops, which supply some slower-released nitrogen. See Table 1 for more information.

Weed control: Once weeds are allowed to establish in a garlic field, garlic is virtually unable to compete for water, nutrients and light. The key to weed control is to take care of weeds early. There are a few chemical controls available (Table 1). Clean, weed-free mulch is often applied in the fall after the ground freezes and may be left on through the growing season. This will suppress germination of annual weeds. Perennial weeds should be controlled physically or chemically prior to planting in the fall, because they are nearly impossible to control during the growing season. Surface cultivation between rows to control seedlings is effective, but in-row mechanical cultivation is quite disruptive. Flame weeding of seedlings between rows is also effective if no hay mulch is being used. -CLS





Garlic Fertility Table 1 (pdf; 184KB)

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Asparagus

Asparagus

Beets

Beets

Broccoli

Broccoli

Brussels Sprouts

Brussels Sprouts

Cabbage

Cabbage

Carrots

Carrots

Cauliflower

Cauliflower

Cucumbers

Cucumbers

Dry Beans

Dry Beans

Eggplant

Eggplant

Ethnic Vegetables

Ethnic Vegetables

Garlic

Garlic

Horseradish

Horseradish

Kohlrabi

Kohlrabi

Leeks

Leeks

Lettuce / Leafy Greens

Lettuce / Leafy Greens

Melons

Melons

Mushrooms

Mushrooms

Onions

Onions

Parsnips

Parsnips

Peas

Peas

Peppers

Peppers

Potatoes

Potatoes

Pumpkins / Gourds

Pumpkins / Gourds

Radishes

Radishes

Rhubarb

Rhubarb

Rutabaga

Rutabaga

Snap Beans

Snap Beans

Squash - Summer

Squash - Summer

Squash- Winter

Squash- Winter

Sweet Corn

Sweet Corn

Sweet Potatoes

Sweet Potatoes

Tomatoes

Tomatoes

Turnips

Turnips

more crops
view calendar of events

Upcoming Events

Eden Area Winter Vegetable Meeting

Event Offers DEC Credits

February 4, 2026
North Collins, NY

Join us for a mix of industry updates, crop protection talks, pesticide safety programming, and fertility management discussions. This meeting is jointly hosted by the Cornell Vegetable Program and Timac Laing-Gro. 

1.25 DEC credits available in CORE plus 1.75 in 1a and 23.

View Eden Area Winter Vegetable Meeting Details

Orleans Regional Winter Vegetable Meeting

Event Offers DEC Credits

February 9, 2026
Albion, NY

Topics include: Breeding and evaluating tomatoes to control disease and improve yield, jar testing and ensuring spray water quality, breaking down organic matter, FSMA updates and Q&A with Ag & Markets, and industry updates. Includes hands-on learning, coffee break, and sponsor booths. 

DEC credits available: 1.0 in CORE plus 0.5 in 1a, 10 or 23

View Orleans Regional Winter Vegetable Meeting Details

Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) Food Safety Training

March 10, 2026
Newark, NY

Learn about food safety on the farm! This event hosted by the Cornell Vegetable Program, Cornell Lake Ontario Fruit Team, CCE Wayne County, and the NYS Department of Agriculture, will cover good agricultural practices (GAPs) to help reduce the risk of microbial contamination on the farm, keeping food and consumers safe.

View Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) Food Safety Training Details

Announcements

We're Hiring! Vegetable Field Research Techs

Join our team! If you enjoy working outdoors and want to gain hands-on experience in plant agriculture and field research conducted on a diverse set of working vegetable farms, this position is an excellent opportunity for you! Working 2-3 years as a technician for the Cornell Vegetable Program (CVP) is proven foundation for students that are graduate school bound, as well as moving up within CVP/Cornell, especially in the Extension field. We are looking for someone with excellent work ethics, appreciation for agriculture, attention to detail and a can-do attitude.

Entry Level Positions:

Full-time, Albion, NY (Hoepting). 1-year appointment with potential for extension depending upon performance and funding. Excellent benefits. Working overtime (more than 40 hours/week), including evenings, is common from June through September. Emphasis on muck onion production, plant pathology, entomology and weed science. Learn more and apply!

Seasonal, Batavia, NY (Kikkert). June-August (39 hours/week) with possible extension depending on candidate availability. Assist with pest monitoring and data collection in a variety of crops including dry beans, snap beans, sweet corn, onions, potatoes and cole crops. Learn more!

Both positions:
  • Start June 1, 2026
  • Require reliable transportation for regular travel throughout CVP multi-county region
  • Involve working in vegetable crops that have been treated with pesticides
  • Involve some work on diverse vegetable crops, including organic
Application deadline: January 31, 2026

2025 Year in Review

Our 2025 Year in Review and 2026 Preview report highlights some of the many research and educational programs led by our team in 2025. Plus, we provide a sneak peek at some of our plans for 2026!
  • Integrating Laser Weeders into Muck Onion Production
  • Cornell Vegetable Program Advances Cover Crop Research
  • New, Interactive Pesticide Safety Programming Protects Farmer Health
  • Specialty Potato Variety Trial Tests Varieties During a Hot Growing Season
  • Mushroom Enthusiasm Grows
  • Equipping Sweet Corn Growers for an Emerging Disease: Tar Spot
  • Farm Food Safety Educational Outreach
  • Sustainable Pest Management for New York Urban Farmers
  • In 2026...


Cornell Crop and Pest Management Guidelines Paused

From Cornell IPM:

Highlighting its commitment to quality and long-term sustainability, Cornell Integrated Pest Management's Pesticide Safety Education Program has announced a pause in production of the 2026 Cornell Crop and Pest Management Guidelines.

Cornell IPM Director Alejandro Calixto said this temporary measure is the result of a comprehensive reimagining process facilitated by Illume Projects of Ithaca, which included end-user interviews, internal surveys and sales data analytics.

"It became clear to us that we cannot continue producing the guidelines and fully restructure them at the same time," Calixto said. "By pausing production, we can dedicate all available resources and time to rebuilding the production process, ensuring that when we re-launch in 2027, the guidelines will reflect a modernized approach built around the grower and other user experience."

A series of annually updated reference manuals produced by Cornell IPM and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS), the Cornell Crop and Pest Management Guidelines are widely used by farmers, agronomists, crop consultants and extension educators in New York and throughout the Northeast. They include information about current IPM recommendations, pesticide options, cultural practices, nutrient management, disease, insect and weed identification and resistance-management strategies.

Calixto and Pesticide Safety Education Program Lead Mike Helms will spearhead efforts to restructure the guideline process over the next 12 months, with a goal of launching a more streamlined, user-friendly version in 2027.

Limited copies of the 2025 guidelines remain available for purchase while supplies last through The Cornell Store. The 2026-2027 Greenhouse Guidelines will be available.

For more information contact Helms at mjh14@cornell.edu.


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